Akulturasi Islam dan Tradisi Masyarakat Lombok

Abstract

The actualization of Islam throughout history has made it inseparable from local aspects, from Arab, Persian, Turkish, Indian, and Malay cultures. Each has its own characteristics, but simultaneously reflects the values of monotheism as a unity, a common thread that firmly binds them together. This diverse but unified history of Islam represents a translation of universal Islam into the realities of human life. The relationship between Islam as a religion and local customs and culture is clearly evident in the study of the anthropology of religion. From this perspective, it is believed that religion is the embodiment of a cultural system. Based on this theory, Islam, as a divine religion, is considered the embodiment of the cultural system of a Muslim society. Meanwhile, the acculturation of Islam and Sasak culture in Lombok has produced unique traditions that combine Islamic teachings with local wisdom, such as roah kembian (the ritual of celebrating one's birthday), roah jumat (the Friday prayer), begawe (the ritual of praying one's birthday), and nyongkolan, smell of nyale, beseribu (tahlilan),  Topat wars, pilgrimages to sacred tombs, and merariq. These traditions generally involve communal prayer and fostering friendship, demonstrating the creativity of the ancient Lombok people in preaching and carrying out traditional Lombok rituals that still exist today.